ABSTRACT
Introduction: The role of magnesium supplement to prevent primary and/or secondary kidney stones has not been fully determined. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of magnesium supplement in modifying urinary risk factors of recurrent kidney stones
Method: We searched MEDLINE, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases on December 7, 2014 and reference lists of systematic reviews and randomized, controlled trials. Among the initial 282 articles found by our search strategy and hand searching, we found eight English-language studies were eligible for our study
Result: Magnesium supplementation could be beneficial in nephrolithiasis prevention through increasing urinary magnesium, citrate, and calcium while declining urinary oxalate. In pediatric patients, the results were more prominent and could decline urinary oxalate up to 90% of the baseline
Conclusions: Magnesium supplementation could be beneficial, especially with potassium-citrate combination. However, due to the low number of well-designed randomized controlled trials, especially in pediatrics, the conclusions of this study need further confirmation
ABSTRACT
Introduction:Pyelonephritis is known as kidney inflammation due to bacterial infection which should be diagnosed and treated promptly. In this article, we decided to systematically review the diagnostic value and reliability of evaluating urine excretion low molecular weight protein alpha-1-microglobulin [A1M]
Methods: PubMed and Scopus were searched for the relevant articles about the efficacy of urine alpha-1-micriglobulin assays in the diagnosis of pyelonephritis in children. The search strategy was microglobulin AND pyelonephritis. No language and date limitations were included in this review
Results: A total of 16 articles were retrieved from PubMed and 23 articles from Scopus. After studying the abstracts, only 5 articles were selected, which specifically studied the efficacy of alpha-1-micrglobulin in the diagnosis of pyelonephritis in children
Discussion: A1M is not an acute phase protein but its concentration alters in several clinical conditions
Conclusion: Evaluating the urine concentration of A1M is a noninvasive and cost effective strategy with the diagnostic capability for urinary tract disorders such as early recognition of tubular damages during pyelonephritis
Subject(s)
Humans , Alpha-Globulins/urine , Urine , ChildABSTRACT
Aims: Acute kidney injury [AKI] is characterized by a reversible increase in the blood concentration of creatinine and nitrogenous waste products and by the inability of the kidney to regulate fluid and electrolyte homeostasis appropriately. Hyperuricemia is a feature of several pathologies and requires an appropriate and often early treatment, owing to the severe consequences that it may cause. A rapid and massive raise of uric acid, mainly damage the kidney.. Rasburicase, compared to allopurinol, results in more rapid reduction of uric acid and prevent its accumulation in patients with hematologic malignancy with hyperuricemia and AKI.
Methods: We evaluated the efficacy of rasburicase [0.15 mg/kg] administered as single dose in 15 patient with AKI in sheikh hospital, Mashhad University of medical Sciences. Beside conventional therapy, infusion of Rasburicase in 50cc normal saline in30 minute intravenously was done and all adverse reaction was treated. Before injection of Rasburicase and 1st, 3nd and 7rd day after it urea, creatinine, uric acid and urine output were determined and compared.
Results: Within first 24 hour, the levels of serum uric acid in all patients decreased dramatically. there was a significant improvement in estimated GFR and urine output. Urea and creatinine level decreased from Day 0 to Day 7 but there was no difference between creatinine before treatment and 1st day.
Conclusion: Rasburicase is effective for management of hyperuricemia and uremia in AKI Patients.